 |
Products
Formulations
FORMULATIONS: Guidelines
| WAX TO WATER |
|
| ANIONIC (25% solids) |
|
Percent |
|
| Marcus 3400, 3500 |
21.25 |
|
| Oleic Acid |
3.75 |
|
| Amine |
3.75 |
|
| Water |
71.25 |
|
|
| Procedure: See wax
to water emulsification under product applications. |
|
| Non-ionic (25% solids) |
| |
Percent |
Percent |
| Marcus 3400 |
19.75 |
|
| Marcus 3500 |
|
19.75 |
| Non Phenol/Alcohol Ethoxylate |
4.95 |
4.95 |
| KOH (86%) |
0.40 |
0.45 |
| Monoethylene Glycol |
0.80 |
0.90 |
| Water |
74.10 |
73.95 |
|
| Procedure: See wax
to water emulsification under product applications. |
|
| Comments: |
| 1.) The recommended degree of ethoxylation
is 9-10 moles in order to acheive optimum results. |
2.) Ethoxylated surfactants from different
suppliers can differ quite widely in the sharpness of the degree of ethoxylation.
Frequently, the best results are acheived with a blend of surfactants of
low and high degrees of ethoxylation in such a ratio as to give an average
of 9-10 moles.
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Pressure (Direct Method)
|
| Non-ionic (35% solids) |
|
Percent |
Percent |
| Marcus 3400 |
27.23 |
|
| Marcus 3500 |
|
27.19 |
| Ethoxylated Alcohol |
7.00 |
7.00 |
| KOH (86%) |
0.56 |
0.63 |
| Sodium Bisulphite |
0.21 |
0.18 |
| Water |
65.00 |
65.00 |
|
| Procedure: See product
application information for emulsification procedures. |
| Comments: |
| Optimum results are achievable through
use of an ethoxylate with 12-15 moles ethylene oxide. |
|
| CATIONIC (25% solids) |
| |
Percent |
| Marcus 3400, 3500 |
19.24 |
| Ethoxylated Tallow/ Stearylamine |
5.76 |
| Acetic Acid (98%) |
1.68 |
| Sodium Bisulpite |
0.20 |
| Water |
73.12 |
|
| Procedure: See product
application information for emulsification procedures. |
|
| Comments: |
| 1.) An ethoxylation degree of 2 moles
ethylene oxide is recommended. |
| 2.) Ethoxylated amines from different
suppliers vary in the amount of free amine they contain. This has a significant
inluence upon the level of acetic acid required for optimum results. |
| 3.) Emulsion pH value is approximately
4.5. Use of a higher ethoxylate together with a reduced quantity of acetic
acid enables emulsions with a pH close to neutral to be prepared.
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PRESSURE (Indirect Method)
|
| Anionic (20-25% solids) |
| .... |
Percent |
Percent |
| Marcus 3400, 3500 |
21.25 |
16.00 |
| Oleic Acid |
3.75 |
4.00 |
| Amine |
3.75 |
|
| Ammonium Hydroxide (28%) |
|
1.60 |
| Sodium Bisulphite |
0.20 |
0.16 |
| Water Initial change |
25.00 |
20.00 |
| Water Second addition |
46.05 |
58.24 |
|
| Procedure: See product
application information for emulsification procedures. |
| Comments: |
| The emulsion with ammonium oleate foams
severely and the addition of a small amount of antifoam agent is essential
prior to commencing the emulsification procedure. |
|
| Non-ionic (35% solids) |
|
|
|
Percent |
Percent |
| Marcus 3400 |
|
|
27.23 |
|
| Marcus 3500 |
|
|
|
27.19 |
| Ethoxylated Alcohol |
|
|
7.00 |
7.00 |
| KOH (86%) |
|
|
0.56 |
0.63 |
| Sodium Bisulphite |
|
|
0.21 |
0.18 |
| Water Initial change |
|
|
30.00 |
30.00 |
| Water Second addition |
|
|
35.00 |
35.00 |
| pH value |
8.80 |
9.30 |
|
|
| Viscosity |
56.00 |
53.00 |
|
|
| LT (1% at 610 nms) |
76.00 |
86.00 |
|
|
|
| Procedure: See
product
application information for emulsification procedures. |
|
| Comments: |
| A tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate with 12-15
moles ethylene oxide is recommended. |
|
| Cationic (25% solids) |
| |
Percent |
Percent |
| Marcus 3400, 3500 |
19.23 |
19.23 |
| Ethoxylated Tallow/Stearylamine |
5.77 |
|
| Imidazoline S |
|
5.77 |
| Acetic Acid (98%) |
0.75 |
1.20 |
| Water Initial change |
25.00 |
25.00 |
| Water Second addition |
49.25 |
48.80 |
|
| Procedure: See
product
application information for emulsification procedures. |
| Comments: |
| 1.) An ethoxylation degree of 2 moles
ethylene oxide is recommended. |
2.) The formulation with Imidazoline foams
severely and the addition of a small amount of antifoam prior to commencing
the procedure is essential.
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